In vitro proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts on nanocomposite scaffolds based on bioactive glass (64SiO2-31CaO-5P2O5)-poly-l-lactic acid nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning method

- BG and PLLA nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning method.
- Nanofibrous scaffolds were prepared from as-fabricated BG and PLLA nanofibers.
- MTT, ALP, Alizarin red, and RT-PCR tests were done on as-prepared nanomaterials.
- Incorporation of BG nanofibers in the scaffolds caused improved biological behavior.

Electrospinning method was employed for fabrication of SiO2-CaO-P2O5 bioactive glass (BG) nanofibers, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) nanofibers and nanocomposite scaffolds fabricated from as-prepared nanofibers. Characterization of the prepared nanofibers and scaffolds by XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques revealed the formation of nanofibers with mean diameter of about 500 nm and fully fibrous scaffolds with porous structure and interconnected pores. The growth, viability and proliferation of cultured human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the fabricated nanofibers and bioactive glass-poly-l-lactic acid (BG-PLLA) nanocomposite scaffolds were studied using various biological assays including MTT, ALP activity, calcium deposit content, Alizarin red staining, and RT-PCR test. Based on the obtained results, incorporation of BG nanofibers in the nanocomposite scaffolds causes the better biological behavior of the scaffolds. In addition, three-dimensional and fibrous-porous structure of the scaffolds further contributes to their improved cell behavior compared to the components.