Geometrical product specification and verification in additive manufacturing

The geometric freedom associated with additive manufacturing (AM) processes create new challenges in defining, communicating, and assessing the dimensional and geometric accuracy of parts. Starting from a review of the ASME-GD&T and ISO-GPS current practices, a new approach is proposed in this paper. The new approach combines current tolerancing practices with an enriched voxel-based volumetric representation scheme to overcome the limitations of standard methods. Moreover, the new approach enables a linkage between product design optimization and product verification with respect to the AM process chain. A case study is considered to demonstrate the concept.