Adenosine in sperm physiology

It has long been known that ATP and cAMP are deeply involved in sperm function whereas the role of adenosine and adenosine receptors is still far from being totally construed. The presence of adenosine in male reproductive tract and adenosine receptors on spermatozoa is strongly suggestive of a functional role of these receptors in sperm physiology and function. Spermatozoa are highly differentiated cells with fertility as the only goal. This paper, by an extensive review of the literature, outlines our current understanding of the role and effects of adenosine and adenosine receptors in spermatogenesis and in the acquisition of sperm fertilizing capacity which occurs in the femal genital tract, where the motile sperm fertilize an egg to form a zygote.