ReviewCell-extracellular matrix and cell-cell adhesion are linked by syndecan-4

- Syndecan 4 promotes a myofibroblast phenotype.
- Part of this involves the use of cadherin-11 at adherens junctions.
- Syndecan 4 KO cells in contrast use cadeherin-2 in their adherens junctions.
- Cytoskeletal tension appears to be a determinant of which cadherin appears in junctions.
- Syndecan 4 is shown to have the properties of a mechano-transducer.

Cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell-cell junctions that employ microfilaments are sites of tension. They are important for tissue repair, morphogenetic movements and can be emblematic of matrix contraction in fibrotic disease and the stroma of solid tumors. One cell surface receptor, syndecan-4, has been shown to regulate focal adhesions, junctions that form at the ends of microfilament bundles in response to matrix components such as fibronectin. Recently it has been shown that signaling emanating from this proteoglycan receptor includes regulation of Rho family GTPases and cytosolic calcium. While it is known that cell-ECM and cell-cell junctions may be linked, possible roles for syndecans in this process are not understood. Here we show that wild type primary fibroblasts and those lacking syndecan-4 utilize different cadherins in their adherens junctions and that tension is a major factor in this differential response. This corresponds to the reduced ability of fibroblasts lacking syndecan-4 to exert tension on the ECM and we now show that this may extend to reduced tension in cell-cell adhesion.