Les pathologies digestives liées au blé ou au gluten : certitudes et doutes

Since 2009-2010, gluten is controversial: athletes, movie actresses, and other famous people suppress it from their diet to improve performance, to lose weight or for their welfare. For these reasons given, nothing is proven but there are clearly identified genuine pathologies for which the gluten free (wheat free) diet is justified: wheat allergy and celiac disease. Non celiac gluten sensitivity is another indication although its existence remains controversial. This review aims to provide an update on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical presentation of these three diseases and to emphasize the diagnostic difficulties in clinical practice.