Intoxication sévère à la caféine traitée par hémodialyse et hémodiafiltration

A 21-year-old man ingested 75 g of pure caffeine, in an attempt to commit suicide. This represents 7.5 times the minimal lethal dose. Caffeine, 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, is the most widely consumed psychoactive compound worldwide. It is mostly found in coffee, tea, energizing drinks and in some drugs. However, it has become really easy to obtain pure caffeine (powder or tablets) on the Internet. Mechanisms of action are dose-dependent. When caffeine overdosing occurs, neurologic, cardiovascular and renal systems are mainly affected. Severe intoxication can be fatal. No antidote is available and treatment is purely symptomatic. Hemoperfusion has previously been carried out in the 1990's to treat patients with caffeine intoxication. Since 2009, hemodialysis and hemofiltration have proposed as well. Our patient was successfully treated with a combination of hemodiafiltration, intermittent and then continuous.