Combined effect of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor polymorphisms in endometriosis: a case-control study

Our results indicate that VEGF SNPs −2578C > A and −1154G > A increase endometriosis risk, whereas VEGF +405G > C and VEGFR2 1192C > T are protective against disease development, with VEGFR2 1192C > T also reducing cyclical urinary symptoms. The combined analysis of VEGF-VEGFR2 genotypes suggests a gene-gene interaction in endometriosis susceptibility.