Original ArticleThe changing prevalence of pulmonary infection in adults with cystic fibrosis: A longitudinal analysis

BackgroundIncreased patient longevity and aggressive antibiotic treatment are thought to impact on the microbial composition of the airways of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this study, we sought to determine if a temporal change in the airway microbiology of adults with CF has occurred over time.MethodsLongitudinal analysis of sputum microbiology results was undertaken on patients attending a large adult CF centre. Clinical status and health outcomes of transitioning patients were also assessed.ResultsA decrease in the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia cepacia complex and Aspergillus spp. (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively) occurred. Improvements in lung function among transitioning patients infected with P. aeruginosa were observed.ConclusionOvertime, a decline in the prevalence of many CF airway pathogens has occurred. Significantly, an incremental improvement in lung function was reported for transitioning patients with current P. aeruginosa infections.