Case reportSpontaneous rupture of splenic hematoma in a malaria patient: Case report and review of literature

- Blunt abdominal trauma is the most common cause of splenic rupture.
- It should be kept in mind in patients presenting with clinical picture of splenic rupture and no history of trauma.
- It should also be kept in mind in patients, exposed to malaria, presenting with clinical picture of splenic rupture.
- Conservative treatment can be an option in stable patients while splenectomy remains the treatment of choice in patients with a hemoperitoneum and persistent instability.

IntroductionBlunt abdominal trauma is the most common cause of splenic rupture. Malaria is the most frequent tropical infectious cause of spontaneous splenic rupture. The exact mechanism is not well-defined.Case reportWe report a case of thirty-year-old male patient known to have malaria who presented with spontaneous splenic rupture. A trial of conservative treatment failed and splenecomy was done to control bleeding.ConclusionSpontaneous splenic rupture should be kept in mind in malaria patients presenting with left upper quadrant pain and signs of hypovolemia. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential.