کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
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5747813 | 1618917 | 2018 | 10 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Interactive effects of microcystin and ammonia on the reproductive performance and phenotypic traits of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus Interactive effects of microcystin and ammonia on the reproductive performance and phenotypic traits of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus](/preview/png/5747813.png)
- MC-LR combined with NH3-N was detrimental to Brachionus calyciflorus reproduction.
- Rotifer feeding and swimming behaviors were inhibited under MC-LR and NH3-N stress.
- Rotifer defensive phenotypes were induced in response to MC-LR and NH3-N.
- MC-LR and NH3-N act synergistically and antagonistically to cause toxicity.
Elevated microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and ammonia (NH3-N) concentrations co-occur during the degradation of Microcystis blooms, and are toxic to aquatic organisms. The freshwater rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, was exposed to mixtures of MC-LR (0, 10, 30, and 100 µg Lâ1) and NH3-N (0, 270, and 540 µg Lâ1) to assess the combined effects of the two toxicants on reproductive performance and phenotype traits. Single solutions of MC-LR (100 µg Lâ1) and NH3-N (540 µg Lâ1) had negative effects on rotifer reproductive timing and fecundity. Pre- and post-reproductive periods fluctuated with MC-LR and NH3-N concentrations, while reproductive period and total offspring per female were reduced in mixtures of MC-LR and NH3-N (p < 0.05). Grazing rate of rotifers decreased with grazing time and concentrations of the two toxicants (p < 0.001). MC-LR in combination with NH3-N had negative effects on swimming speed and body length but positively stimulated posterolateral spine development (p < 0.001). MC-LR and NH3-N had synergetic interactive effects on pre-reproductive period, reproductive period, total offspring per female, grazing rate, swimming speed, and body length (p < 0.05). In contrast, these effects were antagonistic on post-reproductive period and posterolateral spine length (p > 0.05). These results indicate that MC-LR and NH3-N act synergistically and antagonistically in causing toxicity to B. calyciflorus regarding reproductive performance and the formation of defensive phenotypes.
Journal: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - Volume 147, January 2018, Pages 413-422