Pulmotoxicological effects caused by long-term titanium dioxide nanoparticles exposure in mice

► Exposure to TiO2 NPs could be significantly accumulated in the lung. ► Exposure to TiO2 NPs caused pulmonary injury in mice. ► Exposure to TiO2 NP promoted the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the lung. ► Exposure to TiO2 NP caused ROS overproduction in the lung.