Template-directed fabrication of 3D graphene-based composite and their electrochemical energy-related applications

Graphene shows great potentials in electrochemical energy-related areas. To enhance its properties and corresponding electrochemical performance, recently, three-dimensional (3D) graphene-based materials especially monolithic porous graphene with encapsulated functional nanomaterials have arisen much research interest for electrochemical catalysis, lithium ion batteries (LIBs), lithium-sulfur batteries, supercapacitors, etc. With the enhanced structure properties such as interconnected graphene network, high volume-specific surface area and electronic conductivity, 3D monolithic graphene is more suitable for the fabrication of composite electrode materials in real devices. In this article, we discuss recent development in fabricating monolithic 3D graphene and their composites using template-directed methods and their applications in electrochemical energy-related areas.