Near-infrared confocal imaging during mini-laparoscopy: A novel rigid endomicroscope with increased imaging plane depth

For the first time, ICG-augmented confocal mini-laparoscopy with a novel NIR probe allowed in vivo microscopy of human liver diseases, and with deeper imaging compared to the so far available blue laser systems. Such an increase of imaging depth could potentially also be used for submucosal imaging of the GI tract.