Detection of Neospora caninum-DNA in feces collected from dogs in Shenyang (China) and ITS1 phylogenetic analysis

- Screening with PCR suggested a high prevalence of Neospora caninum infection (74/212) in dog feces in Shenyang of China.
- ITS1 phylogenetic analysis from N. caninum positive samples showed 96-100% similarity with N. caninum sequences deposited in Genbank.
- However, the discovery of a new genotype indicated genetic polymorphism of N. caninum.

Neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan that infects many domestic and wild animals. Dog is known as a definitive host of N. caninum and involved in transmitting infections to intermediate hosts by shedding oocysts. To investigate the epidemiology of dog neosporosis in China, 212 dog feces specimens in Shenyang were screened by nested-PCR using Nc5 primers and confirmed by N. caninum ITS1 PCR. The positive rate of N. caninum DNA was 34.90% (74/212). There were no significant correlations in prevalence of Neospora infections between different ages and genders. N. caninum DNA positive samples were further examined by PCR using Hammondia heydorni-specific primers. 37 out of 74 N. caninum DNA positive samples were also H. heydorni DNA positive. Only Nc5 primers positive and H. heydorni primers negative samples were used for ITS1 gene sequence analysis. Sequencing results from the 37 N. caninum positive samples revealed that ITS1 gene has 96-100% similarity with N. caninum sequences deposited in Genbank. Also, the presence of a new genotype indicated genetic polymorphism of N. caninum in infected dog feces in Shenyang of China.