Application of statistical experimental methodology to optimize reactive dye decolourization by commercial laccase

Three-level Box-Behnken factorial design with three factors (pH, temperature and enzyme concentration) combined with response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the dye degradation of reactive red 239 (RR239), reactive yellow 15 (RY15) and reactive blue 114 (RB114) dyes by commercial laccase. Mathematical models were developed for each dye showing the effect of each factor and their interactions on colour removal. The model predicted for RY15 that a decolourization above 90% (after 24 h) could be obtained when the enzyme concentration, temperature and pH were set at 109.8 U/L, 39.2 °C and 6.6, respectively; whilst for RB114 and RR239 the temperature and enzyme concentration did not affect the decolourization (>90%) in the considered range and optimum pH value was found at 5.5-7.0 and 7.0-7.5, respectively. These predicted values were also experimentally validated. Average final values of responses were in good agreement with calculated values, thus confirming the reliability of the models of RY15, RB114 and RR239 decolourization.