Proanthocyanidins from grape seeds modulates the nuclear factor-kappa B signal transduction pathways in rats with TNBS-induced recurrent ulcerative colitis

► We establish a recurrent colitis model of rats induced by TNBS. ► We elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic effects of GSPE on recurrent colitis in rats. ► GSPE inhibited recurrent colitis in rats though down-regulation the NF-κB signal transduction pathways.