Wolbachia infection status and genetic structure in natural populations of Polytremis nascens (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)

- Wolbachia infection rates in Polytremis nascens is 31%.
- Wolbachia mainly prevails in southern China populations of P. nascens.
- The mtDNA selective sweep is driven by Wolbachia in P. nascens.
- Two genetically diverse branches of P. nascens are isolated mainly by the Yangtze River.