Phylogeny of the genus Mycobacterium: Many doubts, few certainties

► A comparative phylogenetic analysis of genus Mycobacterium was conducted. ► A tree was constructed basing on nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA gene. ► A tree was obtained by concatenated protein sequences coded by hsp65 and rpoB genes. ► The comparison revealed several clusters of species characterized by robust phylogeny. ► For most species the definition of a certain phylogeny remained unreached.