Antiretroviral drug resistance in HIV-1 therapy-naive patients in Cuba

► HIV-1 subtype B remains the most prevalent subtype in Cuba, although BG recombinants significantly increased. ► An increase in drug resistance was observed in recently HIV-1 diagnosed patients from 3.8% in 2003 to 14.8% in 2007-2011. ► The high drug resistance levels among therapy-naïve patients warrants representative surveillance studies.