Targeted nonviral gene-based inhibition of Gαi/o-mediated vagal signaling in the posterior left atrium decreases vagal-induced atrial fibrillation

Inhibition of both Gi and Go proteins is necessary to abrogate vagal-induced AF in the left atrium and can be achieved via constitutive expression of Gαi/octps expressed by nonviral plasmid vectors delivered to the posterior left atrium.