Comparison of pitavastatin with atorvastatin in increasing HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin in patients with dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease: The COMPACT-CAD study

BackgroundMany large-scale clinical trials have confirmed that statins are effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, resulting in reducing cardiovascular events. Recent studies have focused on the effects of statins on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Here we compared the effects of two statins on lipid profile and other metabolic parameters.MethodsThe study population included 129 patients with stable coronary artery disease, hypercholesterolemia, and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia (HDL-C < 50 mg/dl). They were randomly allocated to treatment by pitavastatin 2-4 mg/day or atorvastatin 10-20 mg/day and followed-up for 30 months. The primary endpoint was percent changes in HDL-C and adiponectin during the study. The secondary endpoints were percent and absolute changes in markers of glucose metabolism, serum lipids, and apolipoproteins.ResultsThe effects of 30-month treatment with pitavastatin on HDL-C were significantly greater than those of atorvastatin (%change: pitavastatin: 20.1 ± 25.7%, atorvastatin: 6.3 ± 19.8%, p = 0.01; absolute change: pitavastatin: 7.3 ± 9.1 mg/dl, atorvastatin: 2.3 ± 8.0 mg/dl, p = 0.02). A similar trend was seen with regard to apolipoprotein-AI (ApoAI) (%change: pitavastatin: 20.8 ± 19.3%, atorvastatin: 11.4 ± 17.6%, p = 0.03; absolute change: pitavastatin: 23.1 ± 20.2 mg/dl, atorvastatin: 12.1 ± 19.4 mg/dl, p = 0.02). Treatment with pitavastatin, but not atorvastatin, significantly increased adiponectin levels. Neither statin had a significant effect on hemoglobin A1c. No severe adverse events were registered during the study.ConclusionLong-term treatment with pitavastatin resulted in significantly greater increases in serum HDL-C and ApoAI levels without adverse effects on glucose metabolism, compared with atorvastatin.