Clinical features of infective endocarditis: Comparison between the 1990s and 2000s

BackgroundThe circumstances surrounding infective endocarditis (IE) are under constant change due to an increase in drug-resistant organisms, a decrease in rheumatic valve disease, progress in surgical treatment, and aging society. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical features of IE between the 1990s and 2000s and to elucidate the determinants of death or clinical event.MethodsAll hospital admission records between January 1990 and December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The definition of IE was based on modified Duke criteria. Clinical presentation, blood culture, laboratory results, and echocardiography findings were compared between the 1990s and 2000s.ResultsThere were 112 patients with definite or probable IE according to modified Duke criteria. The most frequent organism causing IE was Streptococcus viridians both in the 1990s and 2000s. The determinants of in-hospital death were hemodialysis and congestive heart failure. The in-hospital mortality of IE was 5.4% in the 1990s and 13.3% in the 2000s. Composite events of in-hospital death and central nervous system disorders were significantly higher in the 2000s compared with the 1990s.ConclusionThe most frequent causative organism of IE was S. viridians, both in the 1990s and 2000s. Independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in IE were hemodialysis and congestive heart failure.