Microcapsules of alginate/chitosan containing magnetic nanoparticles for controlled release of insulin

The challenge of this work was to investigate the potential of alginate/chitosan beads containing magnetite nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. The insulin beads were prepared by dripping a solution of sodium alginate containing insulin into a CaCl2 solution. Magnetite nanoparticles of 5 nm mean size were synthesized inside the alginate egg-box structure by co-precipitation of Fe(III) and Fe(II) in the presence of NH4OH. Quantitative analysis revealed that insulin encapsulation depends on the initial protein content and 35% of insulin was entrapped by alginate beads for a protein concentration of 10 wt%. It was verified that approximately 50% of the insulin was released to Milli-Q water in 800 h release experiments. The application of oscillating magnetic field increased three fold the insulin release. The results suggest that the alginate/chitosan system containing magnetite nanoparticles is a promising system for clinical applications of controlled release of insulin in the presence of an oscillating magnetic field in a subcutaneous implant approach.