Differentiating functions of the lateral and medial prefrontal cortex in motor response inhibition

► Motor response inhibition induced bilateral activation of inferior frontal gyri (IFG). ► Highly accurate participants showed more deactivation in left IFG. ► Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) showed deactivation during response inhibition. ► Extent of mPFC deactivation was associated with fewer commission errors. ► Findings suggest distinct functions of the IFG and mPFC in motor response inhibition.