Genetic transformation of Echinacea purpurea with Agrobacterium rhizogenes and bioactive ingredient analysis in transformed cultures

A method of the transformed hairy roots cultures of Echinacea purpurea was established by infecting different types of explants with three type strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A4, R1601 and R1000) in this paper. We obtained that the transformed percentage of E. purpurea leaves with A4, R1601 and R1000 were 80%, 60%, 40%, respectively and that of E. purpurea leafstalks were 10%, 30%, 45%, respectively. The contents of polysaccharides and phenolic compounds were measured in transformed hairy roots and non-transformed roots after 2 months in culture. For transformed hairy roots, the contents of polysaccharides and phenolic compounds were 236.0 and 18.9 mg g−1 DW, respectively. While the contents of polysaccharides and phenolic compounds in non-transformed roots were 161.5 and 33.3 mg g−1 DW, respectively.