Consistency and interpretation of changes in millimeter-scale cortical intrinsic curvature across three independent datasets in schizophrenia

► Studies of cortical gyrification in schizophrenia have to date been equivocal. ► Millimeter-scale measures of gyrification are potentially more sensitive and robust. ► Intrinsic curvature can be used to quantify gyrification at the millimeter scale. ► mm-scale gyrification is consistently reduced across multiple schizophrenic groups. ► Reduced gyrification predominantly reflects changes in upper cortical layers.