EEG beta and low gamma power correlates with inattention in patients with major depressive disorder

- MDD showed significant negative correlation with beta/gamma band power.
- Subjective depressive symptom showed more variance to explain the inattention compared to objective symptom.
- Anxiety did not have a direct effect on inattention, but was fully mediated by depressive symptoms.
- qEEG could reflect the functional ability of patients with MDD.

BackgroundInattention is a common feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) power of a specific band and inattention severity in patients with MDD.MethodsEEG recordings of 73 patients with MDD were collected in during both eyes closed and eyes open conditions. Inattention was assessed by the inattention sub-scale of the Korean version of the Adult ADHD scale (K-AADHD). The severity of symptoms associated with depression and anxiety was assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Multiple regression and Hayes mediation model were applied for the statistical analysis to verify the effects of clinical variables on inattention score.ResultsThe beta (12-30 Hz) and low gamma (30-50 Hz) powers in fronto-central regions were negatively correlated with inattention scores. Symptom severity scores strongly predicted inattention scores; in particular, the BDI accounted for 23.9% of the variance. In mediation analysis, BDI fully mediated the path of anxiety to inattention.LimitationsThe medication effect and comorbidity in our participants were not fully controlled. A subjective assessment tool was hired to measure inattention.ConclusionsBeta and low gamma power of the fronto-central regions might be a reliable measure of attention deficits in patients with MDD, which in turn, seems to be related to the severity of subjective depressive symptoms. Further work is needed to confirm this finding on larger, drug and comorbidity-free samples, and to test the clinical utility.