Insulin secretion abnormalities in exocrine pancreatic sufficient cystic fibrosis patients

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to assess insulin secretion in pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with exocrine pancreatic sufficiency.MethodsGlucose and insulin responses during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured in 146 CF patients. Patients were divided into exocrine sufficient (CF-PS) and insufficient (CF-PI) groups based on pancreatic enzyme usage and fecal elastase. A reference group included healthy, non-diabetic subjects.ResultsAll CF groups showed reduced insulin secretion as measured by insulinogenic index. The CF-PS patients had normal glucose tolerance. There was a direct correlation between BMI z-score and insulin area under the curve.ConclusionPatients with CF have reduced insulin secretion during an OGTT regardless of exocrine pancreatic status. The abnormal insulin secretion in all CF patients may predispose them for glucose intolerance, particularly when challenged by inflammation, infection, or nutritional deficiency. In addition, the diminished insulin secretion may contribute to increased catabolism. Lastly, the CF-related diabetes (CFRD) screening guidelines should be followed by all CF patients regardless of pancreatic status.