Anti-inflammatory effects of vinpocetine on the functional expression of nuclear factor-kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

NF-κB and TNF-α is associated with changes in brain edema and infarct volume. Vinpocetine decreases the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α and inhibits the inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.