The simulated microgravity enhances the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into neurons

► Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) become unspread, round shape in simulated microgravity (SMG). ► The differentiated cells from MSCs express higher neuronal markers. ► MSCs secrete more neurotrophins after the stimulation of SMG. ► SMG could enhance the differentiation of MSCs into neurons.