LPS elicits a much larger and broader inflammatory response than Escherichia coli infection within the hippocampus of neonatal rats

► LPS produces a broad inflammatory response within the neonatal hippocampus. ► E. coli infection produces a focused immune response, with IL-1 being a key pathway. ► Common activated immune factors include Caspase1, Cxcl1, Ccl2, IL1α, Ccl7, and CD14.