Research BriefGenotyping Echinococcus granulosus from dogs from Western Iran

Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus. In the present study, adults of E. granulosus (n = 20) were collected from 71 dogs from Western Iran and were genetically characterized using DNA sequencing of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1 (nad1). Consensus sequences were obtained for cox1 (366) and nad1 (471) genes. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated nad1 and cox1 nucleotide sequence data was performed using Bayesian Inference approach. Overall, the dog isolates indicated nine different sequences in cox1 and seven in nad1 genes. Three genotypes (G1 [75%], G2 [10%] and G3 [15%]) were identified from the isolates. The G2 sequences indicated 100% homology with reference G2 sequence in both cox1 (Genbank accession number M84662) and nad1 (AJ237633) genes. G3 sequences showed 100% homology with G3 reference sequence in nad1 (AJ237633), but displayed two different cox1 profiles, each having 99% homology with reference G3 sequence (M84663). In the phylogenetic tree all of the isolates were grouped into a distinct cluster corresponding to the G1-G3 complex with relevant reference sequences. The presence of G1 genotype (sheep strain) of E. granulosus sensu stricto as dominant genotype in dogs is emphasized. To the best of our knowledge, this study established the first record of E. granulosus sensu stricto, G2 genotype in Iran.

Genetic relationships of Echinococcus granulosus dog isolates from western Iran and reference sequences for E. granulosus sensu lato and other species of Echinococcus from previous studies as well as Taenia saginata as the outgroup..Highlights► This study established the first record of E. granulosus G2 genotype in Iran. ► This study presents the first global report of this genotype in dogs as definitive host. ► The presence of G1 genotype of E. granulosus as dominant genotype in dogs is emphasized.