کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6314124 | 1619062 | 2014 | 10 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Ultrafine particles in cities
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
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چکیده انگلیسی
Ultrafine particles (UFPs; diameter less than 100Â nm) are ubiquitous in urban air, and an acknowledged risk to human health. Globally, the major source for urban outdoor UFP concentrations is motor traffic. Ongoing trends towards urbanisation and expansion of road traffic are anticipated to further increase population exposure to UFPs. Numerous experimental studies have characterised UFPs in individual cities, but an integrated evaluation of emissions and population exposure is still lacking. Our analysis suggests that the average exposure to outdoor UFPs in Asian cities is about four-times larger than that in European cities but impacts on human health are largely unknown. This article reviews some fundamental drivers of UFP emissions and dispersion, and highlights unresolved challenges, as well as recommendations to ensure sustainable urban development whilst minimising any possible adverse health impacts.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Environment International - Volume 66, May 2014, Pages 1-10
Journal: Environment International - Volume 66, May 2014, Pages 1-10
نویسندگان
Prashant Kumar, Lidia Morawska, Wolfram Birmili, Pauli Paasonen, Min Hu, Markku Kulmala, Roy M. Harrison, Leslie Norford, Rex Britter,