Phthalate metabolites in urine from China, and implications for human exposures

► Chinese population is widely exposed to phthalates. ► The metabolites of DEP, DBP, DIBP and DEHP are detectable in almost all urine samples from China. ► The urinary concentrations of miBP in China are the highest on a global scale. ► Children are exposed to higher levels of DEHP and lower levels of DEP and DEP than the adults.