کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6315339 | 1619159 | 2016 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Assessment of vehicle emission programs in China during 1998-2013: Achievement, challenges and implications
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
ارزیابی برنامه های انتشار خودرو در چین طی سال های 1998-2013: دستاوردها، چالش ها و پیامدهای
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کلمات کلیدی
وسیله نقلیه، انتشارات، کنترل، آلودگی هوا، چین،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
چکیده انگلیسی
China has been embracing rapid motorization since the 1990s, and vehicles have become one of the major sources of air pollution problems. Since the late 1990s, thanks to the international experience, China has adopted comprehensive control measures to mitigate vehicle emissions. This study employs a local emission model (EMBEV) to assess China's first fifteen-year (1998-2013) efforts in controlling vehicles emissions. Our results show that China's total annual vehicle emissions in 2013 were 4.16 million tons (Mt) of HC, 27.4Â Mt of CO, 7.72Â Mt of NOX, and 0.37Â Mt of PM2.5, respectively. Although vehicle emissions are substantially reduced relative to the without control scenarios, we still observe significantly higher emission density in East China than in developed countries with longer histories of vehicle emission control. This study further informs China's policy-makers of the prominent challenges to control vehicle emissions in the future. First, unlike other major air pollutants, total NOX emissions have rapidly increased due to a surge of diesel trucks and the postponed China IV standard nationwide. Simultaneous implementation of fuel quality improvements and vehicle-engine emission standards will be of great importance to alleviate NOX emissions for diesel fleets. Second, the enforcement of increasingly stringent standards should include strict oversight of type-approval conformity, in-use complacence and durability, which would help reduce gross emitters of PM2.5 that are considerable among in-use diesel fleets at the present. Third, this study reveals higher HC emissions than previous results and indicates evaporative emissions may have been underestimated. Considering that China's overall vehicle ownership is far from saturation, persistent efforts are required through economic tools, traffic management and emissions regulations to lower vehicle-use intensity and limit both exhaust and evaporative emissions. Furthermore, in light of the complex technology for emerging new energy vehicles, their real-world emissions need to be adequately evaluated before massive promotion.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Environmental Pollution - Volume 214, July 2016, Pages 556-567
Journal: Environmental Pollution - Volume 214, July 2016, Pages 556-567
نویسندگان
Xiaomeng Wu, Ye Wu, Shaojun Zhang, Huan Liu, Lixin Fu, Jiming Hao,