کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6327410 | 1619766 | 2015 | 9 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Exposure to TCDD from base perimeter application of Agent Orange in Vietnam
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
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چکیده انگلیسی
Using recognized methods routinely employed by pesticide regulatory agencies, the exposures of military personnel that were mixer/loader/applicators (M/L/A) of Agent Orange (AO) for perimeter foliage at bases during the Vietnam War were estimated. From the fraction of TCDD in AO, absorbed dosage of the manufacturing contaminant was estimated. Dermal exposure estimated from spray drift to residents of the bases was calculated using internationally recognized software that accounted for proximity, foliar density of application site, droplet size and wind speed among other factors, and produced estimates of deposition. Those that directly handled AO generally had much higher exposures than those further from the areas of use. The differences in exposure potential varied by M/L/A activity, but were typically orders of magnitude greater than bystanders. However, even the most-exposed M/L/A involved in perimeter application had lifetime exposures comparable to persons living in the U.S. at the time, i.e., ~Â 1.3 to 5Â pg TCDD/kg bodyweight.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 511, 1 April 2015, Pages 82-90
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 511, 1 April 2015, Pages 82-90
نویسندگان
John H. Ross, Andrew Hewitt, James Armitage, Keith Solomon, Deborah K. Watkins, Michael E. Ginevan,