Recycled water for stream flow augmentation: Benefits, challenges, and the presence of wastewater-derived organic compounds

► We review environmental use of recycled water for stream flow augmentation. ► Organic, wastewater-derived compounds (OWCs) can be a significant challenge. ► We describe a case study where the recycled water contained perfluorochemicals. ► To succeed, the lead agency should articulate key benefits that must outweigh risks. ► If necessary, engineered or natural treatment (like stream flow) can remove OWCs.