An approach for mapping the vulnerability of European Union soils to antibiotic contamination

► We evaluated soil vulnerability to antibiotic contamination in a GIS environment. ► Risk parameters employed were livestock density, soil contamination and land uses. ► Enrofloxacin, tetracyclines and tylosin were the highest-risk antibiotic. ► High-risk areas were located at central Europe. ► These results allow orientating monitoring field studies.