Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of airborne particulate matter emitted from stationary engine fuelled with diesel and waste cooking oil-derived biodiesel

► In vitro cytotoxicity of diesel and biodiesel exhaust were evaluated using A549 cells. ► Waste cooling oil-derived biodiesel showed higher toxicity and oxidative stress compared to diesel. ► Particulate-bound metals appear to play a key role in cytotoxic effects of particulate emissions.