Estimating water volume variations in Lake Victoria over the past 22Â years using multi-mission altimetry and remotely sensed images

Several new findings discovered through the experimental results: (i) Lake surface area, height, and volume have experienced significant fluctuations over the past 22 years as follows: (a) the relatively stable period from 1991 to 1997; (b) the significant increase period from 1998 to 1999; (c) the sharp drop period from 2000 to 2006; and (d) the gradual increase period from 2007 to 2012. (ii) The intra-annual analysis indicates that lake surface area, height, and volume show obvious seasonal patterns. (iii) The significant changes of Lake Victoria, which are detected from remotely sensed imagery and satellite altimetry data, coincide with the events responsible for these variations, which are excessive outflow, weather conditions, rapid population growth and land-cover changes.