Thin-film composite forward osmosis membranes with novel hydrophilic supports for desalination

► High water flux TFC-FO membranes were developed for desalination. ► A novel hydrophilic sulphonated material was synthesized as the substrate material. ► Hydrophilic sulphonated material changes morphology and hydrophilicity of the TFC membranes. ► A water flux of 22 LMH was achieved for seawater desalination under PRO mode via FO.