Innovative reuse of drinking water sludge in geo-environmental applications

► Increasing productions of drinking water sludge. ► We assess the possible beneficial use of sludge for geo-environmental applications. ► A new reconstructed soil (“bio-soil”) was made with a mixture of sludge and SOF. ► An innovative bioassay test with Spartium junceum was developed and tested. ► Reuse of sludge reduces the demand of landfill volumes and consumption of raw materials.