Monitoring grape ripeness using a voltammetric electronic tongue

- A voltammetric electronic tongue is used to monitor the ripeness of 7 types of grapes.
- The created PCA models showed the variation of the ripeness with the time.
- PLS models showed good predictive capability for Brix and Total Acidity.

The use of a voltammetric electronic tongue as a tool to monitor grape ripeness is proposed herein. The electronic tongue consists of eight metallic electrodes housed inside a stainless steel cylinder. The study was carried out over a period of ca. 1 month (August 2012) on different grape varieties (Macabeo, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Shyrah, Merlot and Bobal) from various vineyards near Requena and Utiel (Valencia, Spain). Apart from the electrochemical studies, the physico-chemical parameters, such as, Total Acidity, pH and °Brix, were also determined in grapes. The PCA models, obtained using the physico-chemical or electrochemical data, showed variation of ripeness with time. Moreover the study was completed by using partial least squares (PLS) regression in an attempt to establish a correlation between the data collected from the electronic tongue and Total Acidity, pH and °Brix values. A good predictive model was obtained for the prediction of Total Acidity and °Brix. These results suggest the possibility of employing electronic tongues to monitor grape ripeness and of, therefore, evaluating the right time for harvesting.