Post-harvest 1-methylcyclopropene and ethephon treatments differently modify protein profiles of peach fruit during ripening

► A proteomic approach was used to study the effect of 1-MCP and ethephon on the proteome of peach fruit. ► Among 35 identified proteins, 26 were modulated by 1-MCP and 27 were regulated by ethephon. ► Ethephon induces the expressions of ACO, ASR, regulates the material and energy metabolism. ► 1-MCP weakens the material and energy metabolism, strongly depresses the expression of ACO and ASR.