کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6426707 | 1634444 | 2015 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Freshwater lake ice thickness derived using surface-based X- and Ku-band FMCW scatterometers
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
علوم زمین و سیارات
علوم زمین و سیاره ای (عمومی)
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Freshwater lake ice thickness derived using surface-based X- and Ku-band FMCW scatterometers Freshwater lake ice thickness derived using surface-based X- and Ku-band FMCW scatterometers](/preview/png/6426707.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
Time series of ground-based X- and Ku-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar data are used to derive ice thickness for bubbled freshwater lake ice with heterogeneous snow cover under the assumption of interactions in range occurring at the ice-snow and ice-water interface. Once adjusted for the refractive index of ice and slant range, the distance between peak returns agrees with in-situ ice thickness observations. Ice thicknesses are derived from the distance of peak returns in range acquired in the off-nadir incidence angle range 21°-60°. Derived ice thicknesses are compared to in-situ measurements, an upward-looking acoustic sonar (Shallow Water Ice-Profiler (SWIP)), and a one-dimensional thermodynamic lake ice model (Canadian Lake Ice Model (CLIMo)). Median ice thicknesses derived with University of Waterloo X- and Ku-band scatterometers (UW-Scat) agreed well with in-situ measurements (R2 = 0.953 and 0.964), SWIP (R2 = 0.842 and 0.893), and Canadian Lake Ice Model (CLIMo) simulations using 25% of terrestrial snowpack scenario, respectively. UW-Scat derived ice thicknesses produced root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.053 and 0.088 m for X- and Ku-band, respectively, relative to in-situ ice thickness measurements. This study is the first FMCW X- and Ku-band off-nadir approach to observe interactions at the snow-ice and ice-water interface to derive ice thickness.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Cold Regions Science and Technology - Volume 120, December 2015, Pages 115-126
Journal: Cold Regions Science and Technology - Volume 120, December 2015, Pages 115-126
نویسندگان
G.E. Gunn, C.R. Duguay, L.C. Brown, J. King, D. Atwood, A. Kasurak,