Extraction of palladium(II) from chloride solutions with Cyphos®IL 101/toluene mixtures as novel extractant

Phosphonium ionic liquid: trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride (Cyphos®IL 101) has been used as a novel reagent in the presence of toluene to extract palladium(II) from hydrochloric acid solutions of various concentrations. Extraction data indicate that Cyphos®IL 101 is a very efficient and fast extractant. The increase in HCl concentration has negative influence on the extraction and about 97 and 54% of palladium(II) can be effectively extracted with Cyphos®IL 101 from 0.1 and 3 M HCl, respectively. The equilibrium of palladium(II) extraction from aqueous 0.1 and 3 M HCl with this phosphonium ionic liquid is achieved after 5 min. Successful stripping of palladium(II) from the loaded organic phase is achieved with 0.5 M ammonia solution. Cyphos®IL 101 can be reused at least in 5 cycles of extraction-stripping process.