Simulation of a high efficiency multi-bed adsorption heat pump

Attaining high energy efficiency with adsorption heat pumps is challenging due to thermodynamic losses that occur when the sorbent beds are thermally cycled without effective heat recuperation. The multi-bed concept described here enables high efficiency by effectively transferring heat from beds being cooled to beds being heated. A simplified lumped-parameter model and detailed finite element analysis are used to simulate a sorption compressor, which is used to project the overall heat pump coefficient of performance. Results are presented for ammonia refrigerant and a nano-structured monolithic carbon sorbent specifically modified for the application. The effects of bed geometry and number of beds on system performance are explored, and the majority of the performance benefit is obtained with four beds. Results indicate that a COP of 1.24 based on heat input is feasible at AHRI standard test conditions for residential HVAC equipment. When compared on a basis of primary energy input, performance equivalent to SEER 13 or 14 are theoretically attainable with this system.

► A multi-bed concept for adsorption heat pumps is capable of high efficiency.
► Modeling is used to simulate sorption compressor and overall heat pump performance.
► Results are presented for ammonia refrigerant and a nano-structured monolithic carbon sorbent.
► The majority of the efficiency benefit is obtained with four beds.
► Predicted COP as high as 1.24 for cooling is comparable to SEER 13 or 14 for electric heat pumps.