Bed agglomeration characteristics of palm shell and corncob combustion in fluidized bed

► Palm shell and corncob of Thailand are tested their bed agglomeration behaviors during fluidized bed combustion. ► The increase of bed temperature, bed particle size and static bed height and the decrease of air velocity enhance bed agglomeration. ► The formation of ash derived potassium silicate melts enriched on sand surface is the key process. ► The collision between char and sand particles is the dominant melt migration.