Compressible Eulerian needle-to-target large eddy simulations of a diesel fuel injector

A compressible Eulerian numerical model is proposed to describe how liquid fuel injector nozzle geometries and operation strategies influence gas phase fuel distributions. The model resolves in-nozzle liquid compressibility and downstream gas phase mixing in a single domain. Flow physics are solved for using large eddy simulation and a Peng-Robinson equation of state. The model is applied to Sandia's Spray A single hole diesel injector using several rail pressures and mesh resolutions. Comparisons to experiments demonstrate that inclusive needle-to-target simulations can capture many of the flow processes found in industrial fuel injectors.