Direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol using H2O2 as an oxidant over vanadium-containing mesoporous carbon catalysts

- Vanadium-containing mesoporous carbon catalysts were synthesized.
- The effects of the calcination temperature on the catalysts were investigated.
- V nanoparticles of uniform size were formed during calcination.
- The V nanoparticles were well dispersed and confined in the carbon matrix.
- 0.2-V-C-600 showed high catalytic activity and good stability in titled reaction.